Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Outline - Essay Example It took an entire 50 years before youth were first paid attention to as potential purchasers. The three significant goals that transformed it were deregulation, character permitting, and another way to deal with advertise segmentation.1 The 1980s was a time of extraordinary change from multiple points of view. The discussion over the guideline of the media business during the earlier decade helped open up the chance of youngsters to become buyers. Rivals asserted that children’s promoting was misleading since children couldn't in any way, shape or form comprehend the shrouded implications of what was being showcased to them.2 Others contended that the legislature reserved no privilege to force limitations on what was adequate in the commercial center. What eventuated was self-guideline, which telecasters gradually let decrease throughout the years. When this procedure had occurred in the United States, it was just inescapable that it would win in Canada as well. Prior to the b eginning of the commercialization of youth, youngsters were totally lumped together in one mammoth market section. When youth promoting had started to occur, crowds were portioned into isolated niches.3 This was halfway accomplished through the making of TV stations explicitly for youngsters, for example, Nickelodeon and Music Television (MTV).4 These unmistakable systems had the option to concentrate on a little arrangement of watchers by including their necessities and needs in the cosmetics of programming.

China One Child Policy Essay Example for Free

China One Child Policy Essay Envision an existence where one can’t essentially go to the grocery store in light of the fact that there isn't sufficient food. An existence where contamination is a day by day reality, the air too thick to even think about evening breath and the water for all intents and purposes undrinkable. A spot you can no longer purchase buyer merchandise in light of the fact that there isn’t enough materials to make them. This could turn into a reality, however forestalling it has consistently been on the brains of the Chinese government. War and pandemics had struck China for quite a long time, yet after the establishing of the Peoples Republic of China, sanitation and medication improved and provoked quick populace development. This joined with the development made by Mao Zedong, China’s past socialist pioneer, prompted quick populace development that gave China’s amazing populace. This momentous misstep incurred significant damage in the food flexibly when Mao underscored steel creation over cultivating, food gracefully slipped behind populace development; by 1962 a huge starvation had caused somewhere in the range of 30 million passings. After the populace leveled off, the legislature proceeded with the outdoors to decrease China’s populace. In 1979 the Chinese government presented an approach requiring couples from Chinas ethnic Han larger part to have just a single kid. Contingent upon where they lived guardians can be fined thousand of dollars for having an additional kid without an allow and can be compelled to prematurely end the kid and afterward be disinfected. In view of this I not just accept that the one youngster arrangement with certain alterations can be a decent answer for the overpopulation and issues identified with it yet in addition it is a vital strategy. With changes to the strategy will enormously improve China’s individuals living condition and norms. Without this approach we can confront major issues concerning food supplies, consumption of characteristic assets at a quick rate, poverty,spreading of ailments because of absence of appropriate clinical consideration, stuffed urban communities that can prompt overwhelming contamination, deficient lodging, lower future and higher demise rates, instructive offices may not meet the populace requirements,and at long last lower work openings that lead to inconsistent circulation of riches. The entirety of this could turn into a reality without the best possible populace control gave by the strategy. Society a profoundly organized arrangement of human association for enormous scope network living that ordinarily outfits assurance, congruity, security, and a national personality. Some fundamental things that are required for the flourishment of a general public are basics, for example, food and water. This are non questionable prerequisites for urban communities to rise, endure and flourish. Over populace can bring numerous snags and challenges that could obstruct us from flourishing as a general public. Some incorporate substantial contamination that is brought about by production lines that are expected to satisfy the needs of the huge populace. This contamination can be hastened into the water sources can prompt the spread of infections, for example, cholera and typhoids. Albeit higher populace number will create more food the earth can unfortunately bolster a limited amount of a lot. Indeed, even with hereditarily changed (GMC’s) the land must be utilized such a great amount before it runs put of supplements and afterward become futile. The abuse of the land will prompt soil disintegration from attempting to fulfill the food needs of a tremendous populace. Air contamination can cause the spread of ailments, for example, asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis, coronary illness and even diabetes. This will prompt a huge number of death and might clear out whole populaces and cause poor day to day environments. The absence of appropriate clinical consideration will be one of numerous variables additionally adding to the decrease of expectations for everyday comforts and lower living hopes which implies higher passing rates. Thomas Malthus composed speculations that anticipated everyday environments over numerous hundreds of years. He expressed that over populace will cause more disservices that will exceed the points of interest. Some may said that in his hypothesis he didn’t consider the advances in innovation that is basic to the success of a nation. I don’t contend that Malthus might not have considered however it still doesn’t change the way that earth has a limited conveying limit. Regardless of how innovation advances or shows signs of improvement it will be constrained by the assets that we can get. Assets are restricted. Innovation could give methods of utilizing this assets all the more productively however regardless of what we do it will consistently prompt the exhaustion as a result of more popularity brought about by overpopulation. In spite of the fact that innovation can take care of a significant number of our issues it has an extraordinary restriction. That confinement is us. The congestion of urban areas may prompt instructive offices not having the option to give the correct learning condition and neglect to show the populace. This will cause significant levels kids falling behind and not have the option to contribute and proceed onward to elevated level employments in science, math or designing which will hinder the pace of movement in innovation, and without it we won’t have the option to fulfill the needs of a huge populace. Over populace can cause lower work openings that will leave numerous families in destitution. This will cause and lopsided circulation of riches that can cause the crime percentage to go higher. Less employments implies the economy would be extremely restricted or there will be a great deal of occupations yet the lowest pay permitted by law employments. Families would be compelled to sends their youngsters to work so they can help bolster the family as opposed to sending them to class. With a littler populace all the more significant level occupations can be given and more cash implies better way of life and high future levels. Riches can give numerous things, for example, clinical consideration, satisfactory housing,etc. The entirety of this can be maintained a strategic distance from with populace control arrangements, for example, the one youngster approach. There is a great deal of inconveniences that can cause an unfortunate future. So we have to inquire as to whether that will be an actual existence wen need to live in. The appropriate response will consistently boil down to no. The one kid strategy has brutal impacts that are questionable. The constrained disinfection and premature birth of ladies is one of the loathsome real factors that the approach makes conceivable. In any case, this doesn’t change the way that the strategy is a need. I totally concur this must be change. New guidelines can be instituted that are increasingly inactive and all the more broadly acknowledged by the lion's share. The one kid arrangement is a need that helps our general public from various perspectives. The upsides of having this strategy far exceed the inconveniences. It keeps China’s thriving and empowers incredible financial riches and movement. So I encourage you to consider the entirety of the focuses made and see that the one youngster strategy isn't just a keen decision yet in addition an incredible one.

These Transferable Skills Will Help You Earn a Higher Salary When Switching Jobs

These Transferable Skills Will Help You Earn a Higher Salary When Switching Jobs There are times when we wish we be more competent across multiple fields. If it were possible, this would definitely make life so much easier. Here’s the good news: we may not be born with the natural ability to accomplish tasks from multiple industries, but we can most definitely learn how to do exactly that. All we need to do is to acquire portable skills, or what some people refer to as transferable skills. In this article, you will learn about 1) what transferable skills are, why they are important, and how to acquire those skills, 2) the most valuable transferable skills you need to acquire in order to earn a higher salary when switching jobs, and 3) how to present transferable skills on your CV.WHAT ARE TRANSFERABLE SKILLS?Transferable skills are those abilities or skills that are relevant, useful and helpful across different disciplines, areas or fields. These are skills that can be used in one’s professional life and personal life, in social circles, educational groups, and other circles that the individual belongs to.In a more formal definition, these are the skills that are “central to occupational competence in all sectors and at all levels, and include project management, leadership, communication, working in teams, and problem solving”. They are called transferrable skills because they can be transferred from one setting to another.The topic on transferable skills become s most relevant when it comes to looking for a job, or making a major career decision (such as a career change) and assessing one’s credentials. Human resource managers, headhunters and employers have a specific set of qualifications that they are looking for in candidates, and many of these pertain to the applicants’ transferable skills.Take a look at this scenario. There are two people who are up for a single job vacancy. Candidate A seems to be the one with the advantage, since she graduated with honors from a more prestigious university, while Candidate B came from a little-known university. However, when the results came out, Candidate B ends up hired for the job because of the manner in which she presented her competencies.This is just an example, but this scenario has played out several times, where other, seemingly more qualified (on paper) candidates were passed over in favor of those who have lower qualifications. The most likely difference may have been due to transfe rable skills. Candidate B may have been able to demonstrate that the portable skills she possesses make her more suitable for the job than Candidate A.Importance of Transferable SkillsTransferable skills increase one’s “employability”. They are seen by many employers as a “plus” or “extra” to the qualifications that are required for the job that will be filled. Therefore, candidates who have transferable skills relevant to the job are viewed more favorably by employers.Transferable skills ensure an individual’s professional resilience and career longevity. Changes and transitions tend to be handled more easily if the individual has the skills necessary to easily adapt to change.Identifying Transferable SkillsIt would be a good idea to sit down and think deeply about this. It is easy to list down all the transferable skills you can think of, but you have to be honest and objective about it, because some of them may not really apply to you.When identifying the transfer able skills that you possess, ask yourself these four questions first:What value can you offer to the company and, specifically, to the job that you are eyeing?Will your educational or academic qualifications be enough to enable you to take on the role and the responsibilities attached to it?How socially engaged are you and what potential connections can you bring with you and offer to the company?How well can you perform, in such a way that you will deliver what is required and, contribute to the enhancement and progress of the company?The questions above will cover the issues on value, intellect, social engagement and performance. But you should also go beyond that. Ask yourself what you are passionate about, particularly in a career context. What is important to you, personally and professionally, and do they relate to each other? What are your strengths and weaknesses? What points are you proud of, and what are those that you want to change, or improve on?By answering these ques tions, you will be able to slowly but surely uncover your transferable skills.Acquiring Transferable SkillsAs more and more employers are putting more weight to candidates’ transferable skills, looking at these skills as points for their employability, efforts at acquiring and developing them are also growing.Unfortunately, we are not born with fully developed transferable skills. Some of these skills may be innate within us, but we have to hone them first to make them actually useful. Here are some of the factors that affect the development of transferrable skills.Culture and upbringing. A child’s environment while growing up is instrumental in the development of his transferable skills. Exposure to various situations and circumstances will aid an individual in acquiring skills, such as communication skills, creativity, organizational skills, personal development, motivation, and analytical skills.Some transferable skills are also imbibed through formal and informal education. Numeracy skills, for example, are learned starting from when a child first goes to school and encountered arithmetic and math. Information technology know-how is also learned from computer classes and lessons. Written communication skills are also honed at school. In some educational institutions, they incorporate arts, humanities and topics on corporate skills, since they acknowledge that these can be transferred to the workplace.Previous jobs. People who have had prior experience in other jobs are often presumed to be more skilled, since they are expected to have faced situations that enabled them to hone these skills while they were in their previous jobs.Hobbies and interests. Sometimes, you can learn a lot from your hobbies. If something interests you, even if it is outside your work expertise, you will be more inclined to learn more about it. In the process, you may be acquiring skills that you can use in other areas of your life.Personal life experiences. Home life, personal relationships, major turning points and life decisions are bound to teach you a thing or two. Although you might not know it, they will also let you develop a skill in the process. There is truth to what some people say, about life being a “continuous learning experience”.12 TRANSFERABLE SKILLS THAT  HELP YOU EARN MORE WHEN SWITCHING JOBSHere are some good news: all of us are born with at least one or two transferable skills. We just have to develop and hone it as we go through the various stages of life, such as growing up, interacting with family and friends, going to school, and entering the workforce. For example, we are all born with the ability to communicate with other people. We are all born with the natural ability to socialize, albeit to varying degrees.When it comes to one’s professional life or career path, there are certain transferable skills that a person needs in order to be able to go up the ladder and be recognized.1. Leadership skillsEmployers are more attra cted to candidates who can demonstrate that they have initiative and the potential to lead. Some of these skills include delegation, taking responsibility, motivating others and the ability to build rapport with other employees, especially the ones that you directly work with.You do not have to be applying for a managerial or executive position to have leadership skills. Employers are more forward-looking than you think, so they will look at your potential as you stay longer with the organization and rise up through the ranks, until such time that your career path takes you to a higher, supervisory position.2. Ability to work with a teamTeamwork is very important in all organizational structures. Therefore, you should show that you are able to work effectively as part of a team or a group. It is a given that entering an organization means working with other people. If you can fit right in, you’d be able to contribute better in the achievement of the organization’s goals.3. Inter personal SkillsThese are also referred to as “people skills”. Your ability for social engagement will definitely work to your advantage. If you have coaching skills, delegation skills, and you can influence others, then you will be viewed as someone with the potential to lead and manage in the future.Read this super interesting presentation on effective interpersonal communication skills.[slideshare id=572591doc=interpersonal-communication-skills-1219903500375587-8w=640h=330]4. Personal Organization and Development SkillsMany things can be inferred just by looking at how organized one’s work is. Your ability to organize, structure and arrange your resources and tasks, from the beginning to end, will put you in very favorable light. This implies that you have your priorities straight, and you have a clear idea on how to go about performing your tasks towards the end goal or objective.5. Administration and Time Management SkillsThis is especially essential in jobs that are bound by deadlines. If you can show that you have excellent time management skills, your bosses will have more confidence that you will not incur any delays and will be able to meet deadlines as they fall due.6. Personal Motivational SkillsYou may have the ability to influence others and motivate them into action, but can you motivate yourself? How do you personally cope when things get rough, both in your personal and professional life? Stress is a constant companion, especially when one is working, but how do you manage it?Your stress management and coping mechanisms will show your potential bosses how well you will be able to handle the workload that will be foisted off on you. It will also be an indicator of your ability to complete your work on time, without compromising quality.7. Communication SkillsThis covers one’s listening, verbal, and writing skills.Listening skills: This is an often overlooked skill by many, but even the most successful businessmen cite it as one of the mo st important skills that individuals must have in order to succeed in business or in the workplace. Part of being observant is being able to not just hear, but to really listen. This means the information heard must be assimilated, processed and understood. Not listening well can lead to misinterpretations, which will then lead to mistakes and errors that could become potentially costly and damaging.Verbal communication skills: The best way to get your message across is to talk about it. If you do not speak up, you will not be able to convey your message and, as a result, not get the result that you want or need. This covers how you address other people and how you talk to them in different circumstances or situations. Depending on the nature of the job, you might be required to speak with groups of people at one time, perform presentations, or be more personal and communicate on a one-on-one basis. If you could pull these off easily, then you have above average verbal communication skills.Written communication skills: Employers also place a lot of value on how job candidates are able to write. There are many aspects looked at, aside from the technical writing skills. They will also zero in on one’s writing style â€" if it fits the job requirement â€" and the content. The best way to demonstrate this is to provide samples of written work.8. Problem SolvingThis is one of the skills that employers try their best to spot among candidates. Troubleshooting and coming up with viable solutions for problems is definitely a skill that requires a person to think outside the box and to look at an issue from different perspectives or angles.9. Research and Critical ThinkingThere are jobs that require a certain degree of research, interpretation, analysis and evaluation. Being able to do research or information-gathering is also a skill that is seen as very valuable, especially in this day and age where almost everything is anchored on the power of information, and how i t is obtained, managed, and used.These skills are good indicators of one’s potential when it comes to problem solving and becoming a leader in the future.10. Numeracy SkillsThere was a time when people were of the belief that you only need to have math and numeracy skills if you are going to work in finance, or in fields that work mainly with numbers and figures. That is no longer the case, since almost all industries involve numbers, which means that you should be able to have even the most basic numeracy skills in order to get by.11. Information Technology Know-HowAlmost all jobs these days involve the use of computers, software and applications. That is why having basic knowledge on information technology is almost always a minimum requirement in all job ads.12. Technical SkillsYou also get plus points if you are able to work with specific machines or equipment.There are certainly a lot more transferable skills that you can include in your personal checklist, but the ones menti oned above are some of the most common ones that employers are looking for.If you are applying for a job or want to shift to another career path, it would be a good idea to look at the job description and try to see if they have a checklist of skills that they are specifically looking for.PRESENTING TRANSFERABLE SKILLS ON YOUR CV OR RESUMEIt is one thing to know that you possess this or that transferable skill; it is another thing to convince potential employers and bosses that you do have them. One of the most obvious steps is to indicate them on your resume or curriculum vitae (CV). But how should you present them? Here are some points to remember:Identify the transferable skills that the employer is looking for. This will help you design your CV better, so you can make it more attractive to anyone who sees it. Read the job advertisements and postings thoroughly. You can also make inquiries, just in case you are missing something or find something difficult to understand.Indicate only the transferable skills that relate to the position you are applying for. You may be tempted to list down all your transferable skills, thinking that the bigger the number, the better. Keep in mind that most employers look for quality over quantity. They may not be impressed with you having a long list of transferable skills when they are not going to be useful for the specific job or task that you are supposed to perform. For example, if you are applying for a sales or retail position, saying that you have technical knowledge in information technology may not make too much of an impact.Although there is no standard CV format, you can try to change it so that your transferable skills are listed before your educational attainment or work experience. This way, the employers and human resource managers will spot them first.Highlight those skills that will emphasize your potential as part of the team or organization. This is what the employers will be looking at, after all. State e xamples if you have to, but do not drone on and on, because you just might bore the employers who are going over your CV.Provide examples, do not just enumerate. Do not let them just take your word for it. You have to be able to readily give examples that will add credence to your claims of possessing such transferable skills.

Argumentative Essay on Economic Planning Influenced by Environmental Conservation

In What Way Should Economic Planning Be Influenced by Environmental Conservation? It is important to recognize that economic development is not the only factor that influences the quality of people’s lives. Quality of the environment is one of the most significant factors as well. Clear water and unpolluted air are the basic elements which are vital for the life quality. The basic statement that sustainable economic development is probable only along with the natural resources conservation is the core of the environmental question. The main point is that it is extremely important to render assistance for the developing countries in the environment conservation and protection. Economic, humanitarian and foreign policies are of a great value on the way to environment’s quality improvement and natural resources’ sustainable yields promotion. Every region should be unique with its qualities of environment, including physical, cultural and biophysical areas. In order to achieve such state, the most innovative western and customary tenure systems should be implemented and the most proper cultural norms should be involved. On one hand, it guarantees the best environmental conservation systems maintenance all around the globe. But on the other hand, the usage of western and traditional tenure systems can influence obvious pathways to the economic investment. Thus, economic planning concerning the environmental conservation should be done carefully, taking into consideration every small aspect. We should always keep in mind that our life depends on the environment’s quality and if we will implement productive methods of environmental damage prevention, it is possible to eliminate a lot of illnesses and change our life for the better.

Genetically Modified Fish For Consumption - 1283 Words

By a broad definition, â€Å"genetic modification† refers to changes in an organism’s genetic makeup that does not occur in nature. This process can be used to replicate the DNA of one organism to make the DNA of another organism similar to the original. Genetic engineering techniques could be used for numerous reasons including research, agricultural purposes, biotechnology and medicine. Salmon is a very popular fish and is consumed by many groups of people in the United States. The new salmon is said to grow at a faster rate than the native species. Ultimately, it presents a closer way for the fish to find its way onto your plate for dinner. Today, we are caught between the ability to release these new genetically modified fish for†¦show more content†¦The new salmon is said to be more nutritional and even be fit to taste better than the regular salmon. The process is very simple compared to modifying other plants or animals. â€Å"Fish eggs, on the other hand, are large and readily accessible—deposited by thousands in the open water† (Fischetti). This makes it severely simple to perform a replication of the gene cell. Farm raised Atlantic salmon just might become the first genetically engineered animal to be eaten by people. Some scientists say that the new gene inserted in the salmon make it mature in 18 months instead of three years. In this way, the FDA will then have to decide if this fish is safe to eat. Opponents would argue that if this fish was approved it would escape and establish in the wild, but Ron Stotish, CEO of AquaBounty, begs to differ. He states that there â€Å"is no virtual escape and interaction with wild populations† . Since the fish eggs will be sterile and all female there is no chance of reproduction. The fish will be raised in a tank and not at sea. Over seventeen years ago, AquaBounty Technologies Inc. first applied to the FDA for approval of a genetically engineered Atlantic sal mon. In 2009, AquaBounty submitted to the FDA the last required study for their new animal drug (NAD) application. The fish will be raised in a tank and not at sea. Even though the FDA is ready to put the salmon on the market, many scientists and researchers argue that it needs to be more thoroughly investigated.

Library Ethics Free Essays

Given the scenario where in the year 2020, the information highway is under total control of the U.S. Government. We will write a custom essay sample on Library Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is mandatory to filter the information that can be accessed on public libraries. The issue of having the limited access to such information can be very controversial. This can imply other issues that concern the seclusion of information. This is unethical for the following arguments. The suppression of the free access via internet is an act of depriving the freedom of expression is considered this to be unethical and a violation of right. One of our basic rights of expressing our thoughts is protected by the First Amendment in the Bill of Rights, which is Freedom of speech. Speech, as in the text implies, pertains to the visual, verbal, non-verbal and symbolic representation of one’s expression (Kilman, 2000). Whenever an issue is raised to be concerning this right, it is subjected to the Court whether it violated the First Amendment. Courts make exceptions to speech which causes substantial harm to the public. If the government has a full control on what can be available on public, then some expression of people can be filtered out. Whenever there is an article or discussion of sensitive issues in the internet, the government has the power to hide this information. The government has a control on what they want to show the people and eliminate important facts that can destroy their reputation. In contrary, the issue of government regulatory on libraries can be ethically correct. The improper use and abuse in the use of internet is main issue why the government wants to implement this policy. Some internet users do not cite their reference which violates the original author’s copyright. The idea of the author is exploited and is not credited. Under the United States copyright law, the authors and inventors have the exclusive right for their respective writings or discoveries (RA 1476, 1976). This protects them from the illegal use of their property. Also, to some abusers, it became a medium of violence and sexual exploitation like pornography. There are now several websites that are open to the public which can be very dangerous when exposed to young minds. With the help of implementing filter of accessibility on public libraries as mandatory, the government intends to resolve this issue. This mandatory to Libraries will have positive and negative effects to libraries and patrons. For libraries, strict implementation will be the challenge to them. They should familiar on the new system that the government wants. Patrons will only have limited resource. Although their research will still be adequate, it is a fact that there are things that are not shown to them. On the positive side, parents of young patrons can assure that their children are safe from the exposure of adult materials. To mediate this issue, an effective new way of implementing strict policies on libraries with the use of library computers can help. Appropriate policies set by the libraries must be observed. It is the role of a Library to provide materials of information but visitors must always follow the Library’s policies. The library supposed to take responsibility for the information provided on its web site (Shih, 2004). There should always be balance between rights and responsibility. Library computers are open to the public for those who are in need of resources and must be responsible users. We are all given the right to express ourselves freely but not forgetting the message that underlie it. No right can be violated if one is always responsible in his actions. REFERENCES Kilman, J. C., G. (2000). The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation. (1976). Republic Act No. 1476 .94 th Congress. 2nd Session. Shih, Susan. Policy for Public Use of the Internet. 2004 Â   How to cite Library Ethics, Essay examples

Value of Sports Talent

Table of Contents Introduction Theoretical Premise Critique Strengths Weaknesses Conclusion References Introduction One of the greatest motivators of the sports industry and sometimes the only motivator is identified to be the revenues that players as well as their teams rake in after a particular game or tournament. The need to increase the amount of revenue that a team or a player makes has led researcher to explore the economic as well as the finance aspects of sports.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Value of Sports Talent specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the course of these studies it has been identified that there is a lot of disparity between the amounts of revenue that players as well as teams playing in the same sport make (Downward, Dawson Dejonghe, 2009). In the quest to explain these disparities, researchers have come up with different frameworks that can be applied to increase the overall incomes of the various stakeholders in the sports fraternity without necessarily having to work hard. This may be identified as an advantage for the players even though it has elicited its fair share of criticism from the lovers of the particular sports. They identify that too much commercialization of the game may end up killing the sport by drawing all the fun out of it (Sanderson Siegfried, 1997). In the end most people who are in a position to influence the way sports is managed still view it as a business that pays the bills of many people all over the world. There has also been increased activism in the sports fraternity citing the lack of equality in the payment of salaries. This has introduced a new debate over the standardization of salaries in leagues or tournaments especially where it is identified that the performance of some of the highly paid players may be in question. The issue of management of sports teams as well as independent athletes is identified as one of th e critical aspects of the financial debate in the sports fraternity. The signing of contracts is especially identified as critical in the development of sports as it outlines the particular financial success of the athletes as well as the teams. This paper seeks to explore the opinions of different authors on the whole issue of sports finance and economics in reference to the particular revenues that individual players as well as sports teams rake in from particular games as well as tournaments. Theoretical Premise The authors identify some new applications of knowledge borrowed from other fields that are identified as compatible with the general field of sports. It is identified that most of the authors borrow their content from the economic and finance aspects of sports in their explanation of the particular revenues that players and sports clubs get (Stone Warren, 1999).Advertising Looking for coursework on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first pape r with 15% OFF Learn More Their explanation of the economics of sports, however, raises new ideas that have not been previously identified by other authors such as the relationship between performance and revenue (Kahn Shah, 2005). It is identified that most sports have a performance appraisal payment system where players as well as clubs make more money depending on their performance. On the other hand, there are players and clubs that make more money based on their fan base although they may not be in a position to perform better than other players (McCormick Tollison, 2001). They also explain the contribution that perception makes on the incomes of players while highlighting race and status issues. It is identified that the application performance appraisal mechanisms in some sports may be partisan in terms of the amount of contribution that each player makes (Ehrenberg Bognanno, 1990). The identification of some players as high value does not always stem from their p articular performance on the field or court, but rather on their value as sports personalities. The authors apply some economic and finance principles in identifying different mechanisms that players and teams can use to increase their value without necessarily performing better in their respective sports (Kahn Shah, 2005). The use of economic principles identifies the particular relationship between market forces in the sports fraternity and the performance of players. The authors identify that the performance of players or rather teams often has a huge impact on the number of fans that frequent their games during tournaments (Downward, Dawson Dejonghe, 2009). This increases their revenues from gate fees as well as sponsorships (Noll, 1998). On the other hand, it is identified that there may be some freeloaders who make more money than other without having to perform well. They often make their money through fan loyalty, which the authors identify as a combination of basic econom ic principles. The fact that some teams are in a position to increase their income by building fan loyalty even though they may not be the best performing team in a particular league brings in the issue of fan psychology. It is identified that the need to belong often brews a huge amount of loyalty that is unmatched by any type of performance (Sanderson Siegfried, 1997). Some of the aspects identified by the authors to be particularly responsible for this kind of loyalty are race and location. It is identified that the location of some teams ensures that they are the only teams that those who love the sport in the area can support (Noll, 1998). With increased demand as a result of a great following, teams are in a position to increase their incomes through hiking stadium gate fees as well as increasing their endorsements and sponsorship values (Whitney, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Value of Sports Talent specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The authors use data borrowed from sports statistics made by different teams and league managers. These give a vivid description of the particular revenue flows that the authors seek to explain in their articles. The fact that the numbers are evident, but there has not been any action to rectify the disparities in incomes, may be understood to mean that the success of the sports fraternity does not lie in the particular revenues generated (Kahn Shah, 2005). This is contrary to popular opinion of the players, managers as well as fans who identify that the monetary value of the sport has a lot to do with its success. The use of real monetary figures does, however, prove the validity of the arguments advanced by the authors in every sense of the sport from the motivational to the fanatical and financial aspects of the different sports that have been evaluated (Stone Warren, 1999). Of particular interest is the data on basketball as well as fo otball where it is identified that some of the best performing athletes may be making less money than their counterparts who perform less especially in cases where they are bound by contracts that are of a lower value (Palomino Sakovics, 2003). This extends the authors debate on sports management where sports managers have to identify ways of increasing and sustaining sports contracts and endorsements. Critique The authors raise a couple of ideas that are quite important in the evaluation of sports revenues with the current disparities in the incomes of different players as well as teams being put into consideration. The identification that the state of the whole sports fraternity is worrying in regard to its sustainability especially after fans have started complaining of more boardroom sports than on the field sports (Whitney, 2005). The fact that the commercialization of the sports industry may be identified to be one of the contributors of the decline in the growth of the whole industry in terms of sports, it should not be demonized especially considering that the increased value of the game has overtime contributed to more activity in terms of the number of games and tournaments organized (Ehrenberg Bognanno, 1990). The authors’ findings as well as conclusions can be identified to have various strengths as well as weaknesses that are based on their application of themes whether new or borrowed from other fields of study (Verbon, 2008). Strengths The authors identify that the introduction of salary caps as well as salary floors may serve to improve the quality of sports since players will be more motivated to perform better. The fact that these opinions are based on real values collected from the different teams and sports managers serves to provide a practical evaluation of the economic and financial aspects of sports especially in regard to salaries and endorsements (Verbon, 2008).Advertising Looking for coursework on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The need to introduce some form of equality into the sports fraternity is advised by the fact that some teams as well as individual players have been suffering under irrational decisions made by their managers who identify particular ways of raking in revenues to be preferable than other (Palomino Sakovics, 2003). It is identified that the particular aspect of procuring famous athletes who are in the decline stages of their careers and then paying them some hefty amounts of money may not be ethical even though it works to draw in more fans as well as increase endorsements and sponsorships (McCormick Tollison, 2001). The need to value sports with reference to the particular performance of a player and not his or her previous reputation serves to ensure that the particular talent that exists in the field is natured to a point where it gives both the stake holders in the sports management and the fans a considerable amount of satisfaction during the games (Stone Warren, 1999). The i dentification by some authors that some of the sports portray quite a substantial amount of disparity between the revenues of players from different races, serves to highlight the plight of minority groups in the sports fraternity. This, they identify is rooted in the particular management techniques of different spots where the value of players is quantified to racial supply rather than their performance (Kahn Shah, 2005). They identify that in the basketball leagues white players are paid more than their black counterparts due to the fact that there are less white players in the leagues in general. The application of economic, finance as well as other market research models in identifying the particular value of players and teams in terms of endorsements and the number of fans is credited for this racial disparity (Downward, Dawson Dejonghe, 2009). Where it is identified that there is a higher population of white people who frequent the sports venues, the white players are paid more than the other players and vice versa (Ehrenberg Bognanno, 1990). The authors have also identified the need to invest in nurturing talent in regard to their evaluations based on economic principles. They identify that the investment of teams in old and experienced sports personalities so as to increase their endorsements and number of fans may not satisfy their long-term objectives and may actually be expensive in the long run (Palomino Sakovics, 2003). Weaknesses While most of the authors identify that the introduction of salary caps may be identified to be a motivator for those who are wrongfully discriminated based on their personality, it may serve to demoralize the high achievers who make a lot of money (Sanderson Siegfried, 1997). It should not be assumed that some of the highest salaried players do not deserve their salaries as it is identified that some of them actually perform exceptionally for the betterment of their teams as well as the whole sport in general. The application of economic variables does not serve to solve the direct challenges that are faced by sports personalities today and with the short lifespan of some sports careers it may be worrying to identify that some of the currently talented athletes may never get to be paid their fair dues in the near future (Noll, 1998). The authors identify that with age the performance of athletes reduces. In as much as teams want to maintain some of the players for endorsement purposes, the particular economic viability of the sports industry has a long-term aspect to it and with the short life cycles of the athletes careers it may not be viable to apply economic principles in a matter that is identified to be of personal importance. It may, however, work to secure the revenues of future generations. It is identified that what is currently needed is a quick solution to fix the reputation of the sports fraternity before some of the sports start losing their market value due to reduced fan sati sfaction (McCormick Tollison, 2001). The management of sports teams is also misrepresented in terms of financial preference, where it is identified that they are mainly drawn by the particular profits that they can make in the signing of sports contracts (Verbon, 2008). It is identified that the need to maintain a high number of loyal fans coincides with the particular aspect of endorsement profits as well as gate collection and these are actually some of the main concerns of sports managers. Conclusion The authors have presented a very solid case on sports economics by evaluating real data on the particular revenues of teams as well as individual sports personalities. Their arguments on the particular contracts that players as well as teams in general get into prove that there may be more financial matters in the sports fraternity than it is identified by those who identify talent as the main motivator of sports (Whitney, 2005). This proves that the financial aspect of sports shou ld not be ignored as it may be a bubble that is about to burst considering the recent over-commercialization of some sports. They identify that there may be a need to toughen the rules and regulations surrounding the management of spots to secure its viability and ensure fair play among the different stakeholders (Downward, Dawson Dejonghe, 2009). References Downward, P., Dawson, A., Dejonghe, T. (2009). Sports economics: theory, evidence and policy. New York: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Ehrenberg, R., G. Bognanno, M., L. (1990). Do Tournaments have incentive effects? Journal of political economy. 98(6). Pp 1307-1324. Kahn, L., Shah, M. (2005). Race, Compensation and Contract Length in the NBA. Journal of industrial relations. 44(3). Pp 444-462. McCormick, R., E. Tollison, R,. D. (2001). Why do black basketball players work more for less money? Journal of Economic Behavior Organisation. 44(1). Pp 201– 219 Noll, R., G. (1998). Economic Perspectives on the Athleteâ₠¬â„¢s Body. Stanford humanities review. 6(2). Pp 78-81. Palomino, F., Sakovics, J. (2003). Inter-league competition for talent vs. competitive balance. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh. Porter, P., Scully, G. (1996). The Distribution of Earnings and the Rules of the Game. Southern Economic Journal. 63(1). Pp 149-162. Sanderson, A., R. Siegfried, J., J. (1997). The Implications of Athlete Freedom to Contract: Lessons from North America. Oxford: Blackwell. Stone, E., W. Warren, R. (1999). Customer discrimination in professional basketball: evidence from the trading-card market. Applied Economics. 31. Pp 679-685. Verbon, H. (2008). Regulation of Mobile Football Talent. Tilburg: Tilburg University press. Whitney, J. (2005). The peculiar externalities of professional team sports. Economic Inquiry. 43(2). Pp 330–343. This coursework on Value of Sports Talent was written and submitted by user Benjamin H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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